As we have seen, there are several theories of informed consent that could be used for information technology purposes. The current model being used in IT is very close to that of the Faden and Beauchamp effective consent theory, requiring disclosure and competence but with few other checks and balances for ensuring informed consent. In fact, there are very few competence-assessing mechanisms within IT situations, so even this theory is poorly applied. The details of the application of this theory will be shown in the next chapter. The autonomous authorisation theory is not a good candidate for implementation because of the difficulty in identifying the requirements for sufficiency that the model requires, and in establishing the requirements and testing for an autonomous action in computing. Justifying a theory of informed consent for information technology on autonomy is particularly problematic because of the reasons given by Manson and O'Neill that ultimately results in an idealistic, impractical theory. The alternative duty to disclose theory is also close to the current implementation of informed consent, but equally poor in its application because of the similar appeal to autonomy as its justification. Ultimately the more useful theory to apply to informed consent in information technology is something similar to that suggested by Manson and O'Neill: informed consent as a waiver of normative expectations. The application of this theory will be discussed further in chapters 3 and 4.